There are many steps involved in appropriately setting up and verifying instrument performance for a particular experimental objective, choosing suitable data-acquisition strategies, extracting the desired information from what can be complex data, and preparing a satisfactory report. These issues are sometimes complicated by historic differences in instrument capabilities and calibration, and the spread of binding-energy information in available XPS databases. It is clear to experienced XPS users that in many publications where XPS use is reported, the information is limited in some way and that too often the XPS data reported are incomplete or misinterpreted. 11, 12 To a significant degree, this concern has become reality. It was recognized about 20 years ago that, as XPS matured, the reliable use of XPS would likely be constrained by the availability of XPS experts and expertise among the many users of the technique. 7, 9, 10 The rapid growth in the use of XPS is due to the importance of surfaces, very thin films, and interfaces in many areas of science and technology, the ease of operation of XPS instruments, the perceived simplicity of data interpretation, the ability to analyze a wide variety of samples and the provision of desired information.
5 XPS has become essential for many types of research, expanding from chemistry and materials science into many other areas including those associated with environmental, 6, 7 atmospheric, 8 and biological systems. Over the past three decades, the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has grown and it is now the most commonly applied method of surface analysis. 1– 4 The nature and causes of poor reproducibility appear to have many sources, but among them is the availability of a growing suite of automated or semi-automated experimental and computational tools in many research projects. 1 Although such problems are generally thought to exist mainly in clinical or psychological studies, there is evidence that there are significant issues related to reproducibility and replication in most areas of science including those of importance to the American Vacuum Society (AVS). I'm after a bull fight Here is one from a couple years ago.More than half of the scientists responding to a survey that was published in 2016 indicated that there was a “significant reproducibility crisis” in science and another 38 % indicated that there was a slight reproducibility crisis. Tomorrow I'm actually going Elk hunting (with the camera) as it's peak rutting season right now.
The WA Forest Service, Mt Rainier Paradise Visitors Center Store and others buys my photo's as well. I've been doing wildlife, birds, nature, mountain lakes photography seriously since 1971 and my Dad and Grandpa did it for a living as well, so it runs in the family.
My Uncle wanted me to do that and was going to fund it but he passed away last month Here is a website I did in memory of him as he died while we were on vacation at that very same lake you saw that I'm putting on my laptop. I've thought about starting one for my photos, but it takes $$$ to rent the space, then getting all the photos printed and mounted to hang on the walls. I don't know about galleries on East Coast here, but on the West Coast your lucky to find one in any given city.
Are those just galleries for show or do they sell the them as well?
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